N/な-adj でした
Use でした for affirmative past noun and な-adjective sentences; use じゃありませんでした for negative past.
It was rainy yesterday.
どちらが いいですか
These notes follow the grammar progression in the supplied Kanrin / Minna no Nihongo material. Each rule is summarized in English and paired with a fresh Japanese example, reading support, and translation.
Read the rule, cover the translation, and say the Japanese example aloud once.
Use でした for affirmative past noun and な-adjective sentences; use じゃありませんでした for negative past.
It was rainy yesterday.
For an い-adjective, replace final い with かったです. The negative past is くなかったです.
The trip was fun.
より marks the comparison standard: N1 is more adjective than N2.
The train is faster than the bus.
Use this question for a choice between two items. Answer with ~のほうが.
Which do you like better, dogs or cats?
Use の中で to choose the superlative member of a group.
I like sushi best among Japanese foods.
easy, simple
near
far
fast, early
slow, late
many [people], much
few [people], a little
warm
cool
sweet
hot (taste), spicy
heavy
light (of weight)
prefer [coffee]
season
spring
summer
autumn, fall
winter
weather
rain, rainy
snow, snowy
cloudy
hotel
airport
sea, ocean
world
party (~を します : give a party)
festival
sukiyaki (beef and vegetables hot pot)
sashimi (sliced raw fish)
sushi (vinegared rice topped with raw fish)
tempura (seafood and vegetables deep fried in batter)
pork
chicken
beef
lemon
flower arrangement (~を します : practise flower arrangement)
maple, red leaves of autumn
which one (of two things)
both
the most
by far
for the first time
I'm home.
Welcome home
Wow! Look at all those people!
I'm tired
the Gion Festival (the most famous festival in Kyoto)
Hong Kong (香港)
Singapore
a fictitious supermarket
a fictitious supermarket