ない-form
The ない-form is the plain negative verb form. Group rules determine how the final sound changes.
I will not eat meat today.
ないで ください
These notes follow the grammar progression in the supplied Kanrin / Minna no Nihongo material. Each rule is summarized in English and paired with a fresh Japanese example, reading support, and translation.
Read the rule, cover the translation, and say the Japanese example aloud once.
The ない-form is the plain negative verb form. Group rules determine how the final sound changes.
I will not eat meat today.
Add でください to the ない-form for a polite negative request: please do not…
Please do not park a car here.
This pattern expresses an obligation: the action must be done.
I must take medicine every day.
This pattern removes an obligation: it is all right not to do the action.
You do not have to come tomorrow.
An object can become the contrastive topic with は; in that case は replaces を.
I do not eat meat.
までに marks a deadline by which an action must be completed, not the duration of an action.
I will submit the report by Friday.
memorise
forget
lose
pay
give back, return
go out
take off (clothes, shoes, etc.)
take (something)
bring (something)
worry
work overtime
go on a business trip
take [medicine]
take [a bath]
important, precious
all right
dangerous
no smoking
[health] insurance card
temperature, fever
illness, disease
medicine
bath
jacket, outerwear
underwear
two or three days
two or three ~ (where ~ is a counter suffix)
before ~, by ~ (indicating time limit)
therefore, so
What's the matter?
throat
(I) have a pain [in my ~].
cold, flu
and, furthermore
Take care of yourself. (said to people who are ill)